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小說:制高點 作者:九十八度

consensus by writing The Road to Serfdom。 Sarcastically dedicated to "socialists of all parties;" it was a popular success。 There was even a cartoon version of it。

旁白:正在倫敦經濟學院教學的哈耶克擔心凱恩斯勇敢的新世界是朝著錯誤方向邁出的一大步。他寫了《通往奴役之路》,向主流意見發起了攻擊。它對“各政黨中的社會主義者”進行諷刺,受到了歡迎。甚至還出現了關於它的漫畫。

Its message was simple and direct: Too much government planning means too much government power; and too much government power over the economy destroys freedom and makes men slaves。 For Hayek; central planning was the first step to a totalitarian state。

它的意思很簡單也很直接:太多政府計劃意味著太多政府權力;政府對經濟的權力太大損害自由,而且使人們成為奴隸。在哈耶克看來,中央計劃是成為極權主義國家的第一步。

GEOFFREY HARCOURT: Well; Hayek thought that since freedom was an absolute; you must let a petitive system just work itself out。 And if at times that meant there was considerable unemployment; well; that's what you had to put up with

GEOFFREY HARCOURT:哈耶克認為既然自由是絕對的,那麼你必須讓競爭體系完全依靠自身解決問題。如果有時候這意味著相當多的失業,那也是你所必須忍受的。

ROBERT SKIDELSKY: Hayek always rejected macroeconomics。 He rejected any government intervention during the Great Depression itself; whereas Keynes was an activist。 He said in the long run we're all dead; and in the long run if we allow things to go on without remedy; we get lots of Hitlers; lots of wars; and lots of Stalins。 And who was right?

ROBERT SKIDELSKY:哈耶克一直抵制宏觀經濟學。大蕭條時期他反對任何政府幹預,而凱恩斯則是一個激進分子。他說長期來看我們都會死亡,長期來看如果我們允許事情自由發展,就會產生許多希特勒,許多戰爭和許多斯大林。那麼誰是正確的?

NARRATOR: Most people would have agreed with Keynes when he wrote this to Hayek。

旁白:在凱恩斯寫這些給哈耶克的時候多數人同意凱恩斯的觀點。

JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES: What we want is not no planning; or even less planning。 We almost certainly want more。

凱恩斯:我們想要的不是沒有計劃,甚至也不是較少的計劃。我們幾乎肯定想要更多的計劃。

NARRATOR: In the battle of ideas; Hayek was on the losing side。

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