y observed； will enable a new princeto appear well established； and render him at once more secure and fixedin the state than if he had been long seated there。 For the actions of anew prince are more narrowly observed than those of an hereditary one；and when they are seen to be able they gain more men and bind fartighter than ancient blood； because men are attracted more by thepresent than by the past； and when they find the present good they enjoyit and seek no further； they will also make the utmost defence for aprince if he fails them not in other things。 Thus it will be a doubleglory to him to have established a new principality； and adorned andstrengthened it with good laws； good arms； good allies； and with a goodexample； so will it be a double disgrace to him who； born a prince；shall lose his state by want of wisdom。And if those seigniors are considered who have lost their states inItaly in our times； such as the King of Naples； the Duke of Milan； andothers； there will be found in them； firstly； one mon defect inregard to arms from the causes which have been discussed at length； inthe next place； some one of them will be seen； either to have had thepeople hostile； or if he has had the people friendly； he has not knownhow to secure the nobles。 In the absence of these defects states thathave power enough to keep an army in the field cannot be lost。Philip of Macedon； not the father of Alexander the Great； but he who wasconquered by Titus Quintius； had not much territory pared to thegreatness of the Romans and of Greece who attacked him； yet being awarlike man who knew how to attract the people and secure the nobles； hesustained the war against his enemies for many years； and if in the endhe lost the dominion of some cities； nevertheless he retained thekingdom。Therefo